Chera dynasty was one of the powerful dynasties of south india. The chera kingdom was one of the tamil dynasties who ruled the. The chera state was first mentioned in the third century b. The chola dynasty was an ancient tamil kingdom along the banks of the river. Convert and create pdf from various types of files like word doc, excel xls, powerpoint ppt. The pandya dynasty ruled the southern part of the origin of computer virus pdf tamil country, the. This status is also related to the connection of pulayas with chera dynasty hence the name cheramar. The cheras were an ancient dravidian royal dynasty of tamil origin. The chera rulers of kongu were subordinate to or conquered by chalukya, pallava and pandya kings. The cheras, the pandyas and the cholas together constituted as the main. It occupied the region of modern districts of tirunelveli, ramnad, and ma.
The first emperor of the han dynasty, liu bang 256 or 247195 bc, who ruled as emperor gaozu, was born a peasant. The last ruler of the pallava dynasty was aparajitavarman who was killed in battle with the cholas. It may be named as it would be as an official flag of a geographical or other entity and have some visual elements that are similar to official logos or flags of that entity, but it is not official and doesnt have any official recognition. The chera dynasty or cera was one of the principal lineages in the early history of the present day states of kerala and tamil nadu in southern india. Little is known about the cheras between the two dynasties. The first to establish an historical ruling dynasty in the area, they ruled wideranging areas of tamil nadu and kerala in southeastern and southwestern india respectively, areas that had been settled since at least 5000 bc, when neolithic carvings had been left in edakkal caves. The han dynasty ruled the chinese empire for more than 400 years, from 206 bc to ad 220. Match list i with list ii correctly and select your answer using the codes given below. It is an indisputable fact that the elephant was closely associated with the chera dynasty.
This video is highly rated by class 2 students and has been viewed 590 times. Ancient indian history pandya dynasty the pandya kingdom was the second important kingdom in south india during this period. The chera dynasty or cera was one of the principal lineages in the early history of the present. The chera kingdom occupied the region of a narrow strip between the sea and the mountains. Chera perumals of makotai, also known as the perumal dynasty of kerala, or cheraman perumal dynasty of mahodayapuram, fl. History of rajput clan cherakerala dynasty the chera dynasty which is also known as kerala putra later named as kerala, was an ancient dynasty in india, ruling over an area corresponding to modernday western tamil nadu and kerala. Rise of the chedi dynasty in kalinga history discussion. Kalitokai, a sanga work describes cheras as viavar hunter people. Essentially, the documents would provide testable questions.
Even in the mediaeval period, the coins of indisputably chera origin, showing the bow and palmyra tree device, portray the elephant. Kharavela, therefore, mentioned in his inscription that he enhanced the glory of the dynasty of chetaraja chetarajavasa vadhanena. However, the sheltered existence of the pandyas ended by the close of the ninth century when cholas reappeared from their obscurity and began their imperial career by challenging the pandyas. Etsy is the home to thousands of handmade, vintage, and oneofakind products and gifts related to your search. Abraham despite the amount of archaeological research that has been carried out in south india, our understanding of the south indian protohistoric period. Most of the chera kingdom covers the present day kerala. Pallava dynasty political background, extent, rulers ncert. Chera is the origin of the name kerala, a historical region and state in india. The early cheras ruled over the malabar coast, coimbatore, karur and salem districts in south india, which now forms part of the modern day kerala and tamil nadu states of india. Makotai, or mahodayapuram, the seat of the cheraman perumals, is identified with presentday kodungallur in central kerala. During his long rule of 58 years, imayavaramban nedun cheralatan consolidated the chera dynasty and extended its frontiers.
Conquests and the maze of dynasties up to the 17th century. Ancient indian history chera dynasty tutorialspoint. However, even with limited literature and source documents, it is possible to discern the. This article is of interest to the following wikiprojects. It seems that whenever chera power was in ascendancy this part was conclusively included in their kingdom. The dynasty ruled the whole of modern kerala state malabar or kudamalainadu, guddalore and some parts of nilgiri district and salem coimbatore region in southern india between 9th and 12th centuries ad mostly from the outskirts of the sea port muziris, called mahodayapuram, on. It was based around the yellow river in central china and is. An approximate representation of the extent of chera kingdom india in the first two.
The headquarters of the kongu cheras was located at karurvanchi in central tamil nadu. The dynasty which existed in the ezhimala present naval academy was the mushika vamsa. He led a rebellion against the unpopular qin dynasty. Formation of kerala society and culture page 5 uniti introduction kerala, regionally referred to as keralam, is a state in the southwest region of india on the malabar coast. The cheras, were an ancient royal dynasty who ruled parts of the presentday states of tamil nadu and kerala in india. The first to establish an historical ruling dynasty in the area, they ruled wideranging areas. The chera style of architecture is only one of its kind in dravidian architecture. Mushika vamsa mahakavya written by poet athula describes about ezhimala rulers. He inflicted a crushing defeat on his sworn enemies, the kadambas of banavasi see uttar kannad for details. Administration of chera dynasty has some reference in the shilappadikaram to the kings council and the other five assemblies. The shang dynasty is the first welldocumented, through written texts and archaeology, dynasty in china though earlier ones are mentioned in chinese legend. Paliyam copper plate 925 ad of vikramaditya varaguna mentions about. We may not know the true extent of pandiyan empire as there is this legend and mentioning of.
Few historians now believe that ancient chera kingdom included the todays kerala but separated in 389 ad and the chera realm was restricted to tamilnadu around coimbatore and southern parts of karnataka. The history of the earlier kings of the cheta dynasty in kalinga is not known. Kingdoms of south asia indian kingdom of the cheras. An early republic class 2 video edurev is made by best teachers of class 2. The chera dynasty was a dravidian tamil dynasty that ruled in southern india from before the sa. Pathirruppaththu, the fourth book in the ettuthokai anthology of sangam poems, mentions a number of rulers of the cherakerala dynasty. Pandya dynasty pdf pandya dynasty pdf pandya dynasty pdf download. Minted coins that have helped to reconstruct the political dynasties of the early. His son, imayavaramban nedum cheralatan, another important chera ruler, succeeded him. Of all these states which arose out of the ruins of the gupta kingdom, that of valabhi proved to be the most durable. The maitrakas ruled in gujarat, with valabhi as their capital. Han dynasty qfiles the online library of knowledge. The chedi dynasty is also famous as the cheta dynasty, or the chetavamsa.
The early political history of the thrissur and thrissur district is interlinked with that of the chera dynasty of the sangam age, who ruled over vast portions of kerala with their capital at vanchi. Pandya dynasty pdf the pandyan or pandiyan or pandian dynasty was an ancient tamil dynasty, one of the three tamil dynasties, the other two being the chola and the chera. Subcategories this category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total. Kulasekhara or later chera dynasty was a classical hindu dynasty founded by the saint king kulashekhara varman. One of the cheras assumed the title chera of several elephants.
It was formed on 1 november 1956 as per the states reorganisation act by combining various malayalamspeaking regions. Chera dynasty is a south indian royal lineage existed in present day states of kerala and tamil nadu. Kodungallur was also the capital of cheraman perumal, the last chera ruler in the 7th century. Chera dynasty has been listed as a level5 vital article in history. No matter what youre looking for or where you are in the world, our global marketplace of sellers can help you find unique and affordable options. Thus we can see that south india has wonderful works of dravidian architecture worth watching. The slave dynasty played the role of the foundation dynasty of the delhi sultanate period. Together with the chola and the pandyas, they formed the three principal. Evidence in the forms of documents and inscriptions do not appear often in. Kongu chera dynasty, or cheraskeralas of kongukarur, or simply as the chera kerala dynasty, were a medieval royal lineage in south india, initially ruling over western tamil nadu and central kerala.
The history of kerala, is as interesting and striking as its varied geographical features that adds an aweinspiring beauty and thus this place becomes a land of versatile appeal. This flag is fictitious or proposed but not adopted. Each ruler is praised in ten songs sung by the court poet. Pdf converter is a online webbased document to pdf converter software.
A work of history on the pandyas who ruled southern tamilnadu until 16th century. The pandya kingdom corresponds to modern tirunelveli, madurai and. Sangam literature is rich in descriptions about a number of cherakerala kings and princes, along with the poets who extolled them. The thirunelli temple, the vadakkunnathan temples, kodungallur bhagavathy temple and kandiyur siva temple are its examples. His master was muhammed of ghur, after whose death he. One of the most important dynasties, chera dynasty is the most prominent tamil dynasty which ever flourished in the country. The domination of first chera dynasty lasted till circa 5th century ad 3 the reign of the cheras was interrupted by the kalabhra interregnum. Pdf for the southern indian states of kerala and tamil nadu, the most. From slice to scab, a tabloidsized pdf file for printing and display in your. The establishment of the imperial gupta dynasty by candragupta in a. The council of the chera king comprises of the inner group of the honourable elders and the most powerful noblemen, rajas of the districts like the ruler of alumbil, who on one instance delivers a speech which is filled with some of the best advises. Using archaeological evidence to identify the tamil kingdoms of early historic south india shinu a. The early history of the chera dynasty is difficult to narrate cohesively, it is obscure and scanty despite concerted efforts by a number of scholars to. Chera king chenguttuvan mentioned in silappathikaram tamil epic senguttuvan 2nd century ce was the prominent ruler of the chera dynasty.
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